

WHEN WE ALL ARE DOING OUR PART 



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WHAT H DOING TO IP? 



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WHEN WE ALL ARE DOING OUR PART 



EDITED AND ARRANGED BY 

RUDOLPH J. BODMER 

PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE AT ELEVENTH STREET 
WASHINGTON. D. C 



THE LIBRARY 
OF CONGRESS 



WASHINGTON 



y^ 510 
AS- 

3^ 



WHY WE ARE FIGHTING 




Photo by Harris & Ewing. 

PRKSIDENT WILSON DELIVERING MESSArJE BEEOKE THE CONGRESS IN THE 
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

PRESIDENT WILSON'S MESSAGE 
TO CONGRESS 

Gentlemen of the Congress : 

I HAVE called the Congress into extraordinary session because there are serious, 
very serious choices of policy to be made, and made immediately, which it was 
neither right nor constitutionally permissible that I should assume the 

responsibility of making. 

On the third of February last I officially laid before you the extraordinary 
announcement of the Imperial German Government that on and after the first day 
of February it was its purpose to put aside all restraints of law or liumanity and use 
its submarines to sink every vessel that sought to approach either the ports of Great 
Britain and Ireland or the western coasts of Europe or any of the ports controlled 
by the enemies of Germany within the Mediterranean. That had seemed to be the 
object of the German submarine warfare earlier in the war, but since April of last 
year the Imperial Government had somewhat restrained the commanders of its 
undersea craft in conformity with its promise then given to us that passenger boats 
should not be sunk and that due warning would be given to all other vessels which 
its submarines might seek to destroy, when no resistance was offered or escape 
attempted, and care taken that their crews were given at least a fair chance to save 
their lives in their open boats. The precautions taken were meagre and haphazard 
enough, as was proved in distressing instance after instance in the progress of the 
cruel and unmanly business, but a certain degree of restraint was observed. The 
new policy has swept every restriction aside. 

Vessels of every kind, whatever their flag, their character, their cargo, their 
destination, their errand, have been ruthlessly sent to the bottom without warning 



THE ENEMY HAS MUKDEKED OUR WOMEN AND CHILDREN 




SINKING OF THE LL'SITANIA. GERMANY HAS SUNK OUR SHIPS AND MURDERED INNO- 
CENT AMERICAN MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDI.'EN IN THIS AND OTHER WAYS. 

and without thought of help or mercy for those on board, the vessels of friendh' 
neutrals along with those of belligerents. Even hospital ships and ships carrying 
relief to the sorely bereaved and stricken people of Belgium, though the latter Avere 
provided with safe conduct through the proscribed areas by the German Government 
itself and were distinguished by unmistakable marks of identity, have been sunk with 
the sanie reckless lack of compassion or of principle. 

Hard to Believe. 

I was for a little while unable to believe that such things would in fact be 
done by any government that had hitherto subscribed to the Immane practices of 
civilized nations. International law had its origin in the attempt to set up some 
law which would be respected and observed upon the seas, where no nation had right 
of dominion and where lay the free highways of the world. By painful stage after 
stage has that law been built up, with meager enough results, indeed, after all was 
accomplished that could be accomplished, but always with a clear view, at least, of what 
the heart and conscience of mankind demanded. This minimum of right the German 
government has swept aside under the plea of retaliation and necessity and because it 
had no weapons which it could use at sea except these which it is impossible to employ 
as it is employing them without throwing to the winds all scruples of humanity or of 
respect for the understandings that were supposed to underlie the intercourse of the 
world. I am not now thinking of the loss of property involved, immense and serious as 
that is, but only of the wanton and wholesale destruction of the lives of noncombal- 
ants, uien, women, and children, engaged in pursuits which have always, even in the 
darkest periods of modern history, been deemed innocent and legitimate. Property 



(iERMAXY HAS SUNK HOSPITAL SHIPS 




^.^^^^ ^f^f^^il 




TUKI'KlKJlNi; A IIOSPITAI. SHIP. (JliKMANY HAS VIOLATED EVERY KKJHT OF THE SEAS. 
EVEN I»ESTIiOVIN(. HOSPITAL SHIPS AND RELIEF SHIPS CARRYING AID TO THE 
WOUNDED AND STARVING. 

can be paid i'oi-; the lives of peaceful and innocent people cannot be. The present 
German submarine warfare against commerce is a warfare against mankind. 

It is a war against all nations. American ships have been sunk, American 
lives taken, in ways which it has stirred us very deeply to leani of, but the ships 
and people of other neutral and friendly nations have been sunk and overwhelmed 
in the waters in the same way. There has been no discrimination. The challenge 
is to all mankind. Each nation must decide for itself how it will meet it. The 
choice we make for ourselves must be made with a moderation of counsel and 
a tenlperateness of judgment befitting our character and our motives as a nation. 
We must put excited feeling away. Our motive will not be revenge or the victori- 
ous assertion of the physical might of the nation, but only the vindication of 
right, of human right, of which we are only a single champion. 

Armed Neutrality Fails. 

When I addressed the Congress on the 26th of February last I thought that it 
would suffice to assert our neutral rights with arms, our right to use the seas against 
unlawful interference, our right to keep our people safe against unlawful violence. 
But armed neutrality, it now appears, is impracticable. Because submarines are 
in effect outlaws when used as the German submarines have been used against 
merchant shipping, it is impossible to defend ships against their attacks as the 
law of nations has assumed that merchantmen would defend themselves against 
privateers or cruisers, visible craft giving chase upon the open sea. It is common 
prudence in such circumstances, grim necessity indeed, to endeavor to destroy 
them before they have shown their own intention. They must be dealt with upon 
si£rht, if dealt with at all. The German government denies the right of neutrals 



GERMANY HAS FORCED US INTO THE WAR 



to use arms at all within the "areas of the sea which it has proscribed, even in the 
defense of rights which no modern publicist has ever before questioned their right to 
defend. The intimation is conveyed that the armed guards which we have placed 
on our merchant ships will be treated as beyond the pale of law and subject to 
be dealt with as pirates would be. Armed neutrality is ineffectual enough at best; 
in such circumstances and in the face of such pretensions it is worse than in- 
effectual ; it is likely only to produce what it was meant to prevent ; it is practically 
certain to draw us into the war without either the rights or the effectiveness of 
belligerents. There is one choice we can not make, we are incapable of making; 
M^e will not choose the path of submission and suffer the most sacred rights of 
our nation and our people to be ignored or violated. The wrongs against which 
we now array ourselves are no common wrongs; they cut to the very roots of 
buman life. 

With a profound sense of the solemn and even tragical character of the step 
I am taking and of the grave reponsibilities which it involves, but in unhesitating 
obedience to what I deem my constitutional duty, I advise that the Congress 
declare the recent course of the Imperial German Government to be in fact nothing 
less than war against the government and people of the United States; that it 
formally accept the status of belligerent which has thus been thrust upon it; and 
that it take immediate steps not only to put the country in a more thorough state 
of defense but also to exert all its power and employ all its resources to bring the 
government of the German empire to terms and end the war. 

Cooperation with Allies. 

What this will involve is clear. It will involve the utmost practicable co- 
operation in counsel and action with the governments now at war with Germany, 
and, as incident to that, the extension to those governments of the most liberal 
financial credits, in order that our resources may so far as possible be added 
to theirs. It will involve the organization and mobilization of all the material 
resources of the country to supply the materials of war and serve the incidental 
needs of the nation in the most abundant and yet the most economical and efficient 
way possible. It will involve the immediate full equipment of the navy in all 
respects but particularly in supplying it with the best means of dealing with the 
enemy's submarines. It will involve the immediate addition to the armed forces 
of the United States already provided for by law in case of war at least five hun- 
dred thousand men, who should, in my opinion, be chosen upon the principle of 
universal liability to service, and also the authorization of subsequent additional 
increments of equal force so soon as they may be needed and can be handled in 
training. It will involve also, of course, the granting of adequate credits to 
the government, sustained, I hope, so far as they can equitably be sustained by 
the present generation, by well conceived taxation. 

I say sustained so far as may be equitable by taxation because it seems to me 
that it would be most unwise to base the credits which will now be necessary 
entirely on money borrowed. It is our duty, I most respectfully urge, to protect 
our people so far as we may against the very serious hardships and evils which 
would be likely to arise out of the inflation which would be produced by vast 
loans. 

In carrying out the measures by which these things are to be accomplished 
we should keep constantly in mind the wisdom of interfering as little as possible 
in our own preparation and in the equipment of our own military forces Avith 
the duty — for it will be a very practical duty — of supplying the nations already 
at war with Germany with the materials which they can obtain only from us or 
by our assistance. They are in the field and we should help them in every way to 
be effective there. 



WE HAVE NO QUAKREL \yiTH THE GERMAN PEOPLE 







MEKCHANT VESSEL DESTKOYIxNCi SUr.MAlJIXK. IN SELF-DEFENSE WE HAVE PLArED 
OUR TRAINED GUNNERS ON MERCHANT VESSELS AND IN TRUE AMERICAN SPIRIT 
WE ARE GOING TO STOP THIS MURDER OF THE INNOCENTS. 



Mobilization Measures. 

I shall take the liberty of suggesting, through the several executive depart- 
ments of the government, for the consideration of your committees, measures 
for the accomplishment of the several objects I have mentioned. 1 hope that it will 
be your ])lensure to deal with them as having been framed after very careful thought 
by the branch of the Government upon which the responsibility of conducting the 
war and safeguarding the nation will most directly fall. 

While we do these things, these deeply momentous things, let us be very clear, 
and make very clear to all the world what our motives and our objects are. My own 
thought has not been driven from its habitual and normal course by the unhappy 
events of the last two months, and I do not believe that the thought of the nation 
has been altered or clouded by them. I have exactly the same things in mind now 
that I had in mind when I addressed the Senate on the twenty-second of January last; 
the same that I had in mind when I addressed the Congress on the third of February 
and on the twenty-sixth of February. Our object now, as then, is to vindicate the 
principles of peace and justice in the life of the world as against selfish and auto- 
cratic pdwei- and to set up amongst the really free and self-governed peoples of the 
world such a concert of purpose and of action as will henceforth ensure the observance 
of those principles. Neutrality is no longer feasible or desirable where the peace of 
the world is involved and the freedom of its peoples, and the menace to that peace 
and freedom lies in the existence of autocratic governments backed by organized force 
which is controlled wholly by their will, not by the will of their people. We have 
seen the last of neutrality in such circumstances. We are at the beginning of an 



WE ARE FIGHTING FOR THE RIGHT 




Photos by Harris & Ewiuj 



JAMES MADISON, 
Our President During the War of 1812. 



JAMES K. POI-K, 
Our President During the Mexican War. 



age in which it will be insisted that the same standards of conduct and of responsi- 
bility for wrong done shall be observed among nations and their governments that are 
observed amonjr the individual citizens of civilized States. 



No Quarrel With Germans. 

We have no quarrel with the German people. We have no feeling towards them* 
but one of sympathy and friendship. It was not upon their impulse that their 
government acted in entering the war. It was not with their previous knowledge 
or approval. It was a war determined upon as wars used to be determined upon 
in the old, unhappy days when peoples were nowhere consulted by their rulers and 
wars were provoked and waged in the interest of dynasties or of little groups of 
ambitious men who were accustomed to use their fellow men as pa\vTis and tools. 
Self -governed nations do not fill their neighbor states with spies or set the course of 
intrigue to bring about some critical posture of affairs which will give them an 
opportunity to strike and make conquest. Such designs can be successfully worked 
out only under cover and where no one has the right to ask questions. Cunningly 
contrived plans of deception or aggression, carried, it may be, from generation to 
generation, can be worked out and kept from the light only within the privacy of 
courts or behind the carefully guarded confidences of a narrow and privileged class. 
They are happily impossible where public opinion commands and insists upon full 
infoiniatioi) concerning all the nation's affairs. 

A steadfast concert for peace can never be maintained except by a partnership 



WE ACCEPT CEKMANYS CHALLENGE 




Photos by Iliirri 



AHUAIIAM LINCOLN, 
Our President During the ("ivil War. 



\viLi>L\M Mckinley, 

(Jur President During the Spanish-American War. 



of democratic nations. No autocratic government could be trusted to keep faith 
within it or observe its covenants. It must be a league of honor, a partnership 
of opinion. Intrigue would eat its vitals away; the plottings of inner circles 
who could plan what they would and render account to no one would be a corrup- 
tion seated at its very heart. Only free peoples can hold their purpose and their 
honor steady to a common end and prefer the interests of mankind to any nar- 
row interest of their own. 



Revolution in Russia 

Does not every American feel that assurance has been added to our hope 
for the future peace of the world by the wonderful and heartening things that 
have been happening within the last few weeks in Eussia? Eussia was known by 
those who knew her best to have been always in fact democratic at heart, in all 
the vital habits of her thought, in all the intimate relationships of her people 
that spoke their natural instinct, their habitual attitude towards life. The 
autocracy that crowned the summit of her political structure, long as it had stood 
and terrible as was the reality of its power, was not in fact Eussian in origin, 
character, or purpose; and now it has been shaken off and the great, generous 
Eussian people have been added in all their naive majesty and might to the 
forces, that are fighting for freedom in the world, for justice, and for peace. 
Here is a fit partner for a League of Honor. 

One of the things that has served to convince us that the Prussian autocracy 



WE ARE CHA.AIPIONS OF THE IIIGHTS OF MANKIND 



was not and conlcl never be our friend is that from the very outset of the present 
war it has filled our unsuspecting communities and even our offices of Govern- 
ment with spies and set criminal intrigues everywhere afoot against our national 
unity of counsel, our peace within and without, our industries and our commerce. 
Indeed it is now evident that its spies were here even before the war began; and it 
is unhappily not a matter of conjecture but a fact proved in our courts of justice 
that the intrigues which have more than once come perilously near to disturbing the 
peace and dislocating the industries of the country have been carried on at the insti- 
gation, with the support, and even under the personal direction of official agents of 
the Imperial Government accredited to the Government of the United States. Even 
in checking these things and trying to extirpate them we have sought to put the most 
generous interpretation possible upon them, because we knew that their source lay, 
not in any hostile feeling or purpose of the German people towards us (who were, no 
doubt, as* ignorant of them as we ourselves were), but only in the selfish designs of 
a government that did what it pleased and told its people nothing. But they have 
played their part in serving to convince us at last that that Government entertains 
no real friendship for us and means to act against our peace and security at its 
convenience. That it means to stir up enemies against us at our very doors the 
intercepted note to the German Minister at Mexico City is eloquent evidence. 

Accept Challenge. 

We are accepting this challenge of hostile purpose because we know that 
in such a government, following such methods, we can never have a friend; and 
that in the presence of its organized power, always lying in wait to accomplish 
we know not what purpose, there can be no assured security for the democratic 
governments of the world. We are now about to accept gage of battle with this 
natural foe to liberty and shall, if necessary, spend the whole force of the nation 
to check and nullify its pretensions and its power. We are glad, now that we 
see the facts with no veil of false pretense about them, to fight thus for the ultimate 
peace of the world and for the liberation of its peoples, the German peoples 
included; for the rights of nations great and small and the privilege of men every- 
where to choose their way of life and of obedience. The world must be made 
safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of 
political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no 
dominion. We seek no indemnities for ourselves, no material compensation for 
the sacrifices w^e shall freely make. We are but one of the champions of the rights 
of mankind. We shall be satisfied when those rights have been made as secure 
as the faith and the freedom of nations can make them. 

Just because we fight without rancour and without selfish object, seeking 
nothing for ourselves but what we shall wish to share with all free peoples, we 
shall, I feel confident, conduct our operations as belligerents without passion 
and ourselves observe with proud punctilio the principles of right and of fair play 
we profess to be fighting for. 

I have said nothing of the governments allied with the Imperial Government 
of Germany because they have not made war upon us or challenged us to defend 
our rights and our honor. The Austro-Hungarian government has, indeed, 
avowed its unqualified endorsement and acceptance of the reckless and lawless 
submarine warfare adopted now without disguise by the Imperial German Gov- 
ernment, and it has therefore not been possil^le for this government to receive 
Count Tarnowski, the Ambassador recently accredited to this government 
by the imperial and royal government of Austria-Hungary ; but that government has 
not actually engaged in warfare against citizens of the United States on the seas. 



10 



WE SHALL FIGHT FOR DEMOCRACY 



and I take the liberty, for the present at least, of postponing a discussion of our 
relations with the authorities at Vienna. We enter this war only where we are 
clearly forced into it because there are no other means of defending our rights. 

Right and Fairness. 

It will be all the easier for us to conduct ourselves as belligerents in a high 
spirit of right and fairness because we act without animus, not in enmity towards 
a people or with the desire to bring any injury or disadvantage upon them, but only 
in armed opposition to an irresponsible government which has thrown aside all 
considerations of humanity and of right and is running amuck. We are, let me say 
again, the sincere friends of the German people, and shall desire nothing so much as 
the early re-establishment of intimate relations of mutual advantage between us — 
however hard it may be for them, for the time being, to believe that this is spoken 
from our hearts. We have borne with their present government through all these 
bitter months because of that friendship — exercising a patience and forbearance 
which would otherwise have been impossible. We shall, happily, still have an oppor- 
tunity to prove that friendship in our daily attitude and actions towards the millions 
of men and women of German birth and native sympathy who live amongst us and 
share our life, and we shall be proud to prove it towards all who are in fact loyal 
to their neighbors and to the government in the hour of test. They are, most of 
them, as true and loyal Americans as if they had never known any other fealty or 
allegiance. They will be prompt to stand with us in rebuking and restraining the 
few who may be of a different mind and purpose. If there should be disloyalty, it will 
be dealt with ^^^th a firm hand of stern repression; but, if it lifts its head at all, it 
will lift it only here and there and without countenance except from a lawless and 
malignant few. 

It is a distressing and oppressive duty. Gentlemen of the Congress, which I have 
performed in thus addressing you. There are, it may be, many months of fiery 
trial and sacrifice ahead of us. It is a fearful thing to lead this great peaceful people 
into war, into the most terrible and disastrous of all wars, civilization itself seeming 
to be in the balance. But the right is more precious than peace, and we shall fight for 
the things which we have always carried nearest our hearts — for democracy, for the 
right of those who submit to authority to have a voice in their own governments, for 
the rights and liberties of small nations, for a universal dominion of right by such 
a concert of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all nations and make the 
world itself at last free. To such a task we can dedicate our lives and our fortunes, 
everything that we are and everything that we have, with the pride of those who 
know that the day has come when America is privileged to spend her blood and her 
might for the principles that gave her birth and happiness and the peace which she 
has treasured. God helping her, she can do no other. 




11 



THE PRESIDENT 




Photo by Harris & Ewing. 

PRESIDENT WILSON AT THE DESK AT WHICH HE HANDLES THE BIGGEST JOB ANY 
AMERICAN PRESIDENT HAS HAD THRUST UPON HIM. 



13 



OUR PRESIDENT'S MESSACxE TO AMERICA 




wk must supply our allies witit plkxty of ammunition. this is just one 
luri'le corneh of one of many stpply depots. represents ammunition 
for only a small part of a little batti,e. 

My Fellow Countrymen: 

THE entrance of our own beloved country into the grim and terrible war 
for democracy and human rights which has shaken the world, creates 
so many problems of national life and action which call for immediate 
consideration and settlement that I hope you will permit me to address 
to you a few words of earnest counsel and appeal with regard to them. 

We are rapidly putting our navy upon an effective war footing and are 
about to create and equip a great army, but these are the simplest parts of the 
great task to which we have addressed ourselves. There is not a single selfish 
element, so far as I can see, in the cause we are fighting for. We are fighting for 
what we believe and wish to be the rights of mankind and for the future peace 
and security of the world. To do this great thing worthily and successfully we 
must devote ourselves to the service without regard to profit or material advantage 
and with an energy and intelligence that will rise to the level of the enterprise 
itself. We must realize to the full how great the task is and how many things, 
how many kinds and elements of capacity and self-sacrifice it involves. 

These, then, are the things we must do, and do well, besides fighting — 
the things without which mere fighting would be fruitless : 

We must supply abundant food not only for ourselves and for our armies and 
our seamen, but also for a large part of the nations with whom we have now 
made common cause, in whose support and by whose sides we shall be fighting: 

We must supply ships by the hundreds out of our shipyards to carry to 
the other side of the sea, submarines or no submarines, what will every day be 
needed there, and abundant materials out of our fields and our mines and 



13 



EVERY ONE OF US MUST DO HIS BIT 




WE MUST BUILD THOUSANDS OF THESE SHIPS TO CARRY THE FOOD TO OUR BOYS AT 
THE FRONT AND TO OUR ALLIES. WE MUST BUILD THEM FASTER THAN GER- 
MANY'S SUBMARINES CAN DESTROY THEM. 

our factories with which not only to clothe and equip our own forces on 
land and sea but also to clothe and support our people for whom the 
gallant fellows under arms can no longer work, to help clothe and equip 
the armies with which we are cooperating in Europe, and to keep the 
looms and manufactories there in raw material; coal to keep the fires going in 
ships at sea and in the furnaces of hundreds of factories across the sea; steel out 
of which to make arms and ammunition both here and there; rails for worn-out 
railways back of the fighting fronts ; locomotives and rolling stock to take the 
place of those every day going to pieces; mules, horses, cattle for labor and for 
military service; everything with which the people of England and France and 
Italy and Eussia have usually supplied themselves but can not now afford the men, 
the materials, or the machinery to make. 

It is evident to every thinking man that our industries, on the farms, in the ship- 
yards, in the mines, in the factories, must be made more prolific and more efficient 
than ever and that they must be more economically managed and better adapted to 
the particular requirements of our task than they have been ; and what I want to say is 
that the men and the women who devote their thought and their energy to these things 
will be serving the country and conducting the fight for peace and freedom Just as 
truly and just as effectively as the men on the battlefield or in the trenches. The 
industrial forces of the country, men and women alike, will be a great national, a 
great international, service army — a notable and honored host engaged in the service 
of the nation and the world, the efficient friends and saviors of free men everywhere. 
Thousands, nay, hundreds of thousands, of men other-wdse liable to military service 
will of right and of necessity be excused from that service and assigned to the funda- 



14 



THE FATE OF THE WAR RESTS WITH THE FARMERS 




AliOVE ALL WE SHALL NEED FOOD. E\EHY ONE WHO STAYS AT HOME MUST MAKE 
SOMETHING GROW OU WE SHALL EEEL THE PANGS OF HUNGER EVEN HERE. 

mental, sustaining work of the fields and factories and mines, and they will be as 
much part of the great patriotic forces of the nation as the men under fire. 

I take the liberty, therefore, of addressing this word to the farmers of the 
country and to all who work on the farms : The supreme need of our own nation and 
of the nations with which we are co-operating is an abundance of supplies, and espe- 
cially of foodstuffs. The importance of an adequate food supply, especially for the 
present year, is superlative. "Without abundant food, alike for the armies and the 
peoples now at war, the whole great enterprise upon which we have embarked will 
break down and fail. The world's food reserves are low. Not only during the present 
emergency, but for some time after peace shall have come both our own people and a 
large proportion of the people of Europe must rely upon the harvests in America. 
Upon the farmers of this country, therefore, in large measure, rests the fate of the 
war and the fate of the nations. May the nation not count upon them to omit no 
step that will increase the production of their land or that will bring about the 
most effectual co-operation in the sale and distribution of their products? The 
time is short. It is of the most imperative importance that everything possible be 
(lone, and done immediately, to make sure of large harvests. I call upon young men and 
old alike and upon the able-bodied boys of the land to accept and act upon this 
duty — to turn in hosts to the farms and make certain that no pains and no labor 
are lacking in this great matter. 

I particularly appeal to the farmers of the South to plant abundant foodsttiffs 
as well as cotton. They can show their patriotism in no better or more convincing 
way than by resisting the great temptation of the present price of cotton and 
helping, helping upon a great scale, to feed the nation and the peoples everywhere 



15 



THE SUPREME TEST HAS COME 



who are fighting for their liberties and for our own. The variety of their crops 
will be the visible measure of their comprehension of their national duty. The 
government of the United States and the governments of the several States stand 
ready to cooperate. They will do everything possible to assist farmers in securing 
an adequate supply of seed, an adequate force of laborers when they are most 
needed, at harvest time, and the means of expediting shipments of fertilizers 
and farm machinery, as well as of the crops themselves when harvested. The 
course of trade shall be as unhampered as it is possible to make it and there shall 
be no unwarranted manipulation of the nation's food supply by those who handle 
it on its way to the consumer. This is our opportunity to demonstrate the 
efficiency of a great democracy and we shall not fall short of it! 

This let me say to the middlemen of every sort, whether they are handling 
our foodstuffs or our raw material of manufacture or the products of our mills 
and factories: The eyes of the country will be especially upon you. This is your 
opportunity for signal service, efficient and disinterested. The country expects 
you, as it expects all others, to forego unusual profits, to organize and expedite 
shipments of supplies of every kind, but especially of food, with an eye to the 
service you are rendering and in the spirit of those who enlist in the ranks for 
their people, not for themselves. I shall confidently expect you to deserve and 
win the confidence of people of every sort and station. 

To the men who run the railways of the country, whether they be managers 
or operative employees, let me say that the railways are the arteries of the nation's 
life and that upon them rests the immense responsibility of seeing to it that those 
arteries suffer no obstruction of any kind, no inefficiency or slackened power. 
To the merchant let me suggest the motto, "Small profits and quick serv- 
ice"; and to the shipbuilder the thought that the life of the war depends upon him. 
The food and the war supplies must be carried across the seas no matter how many 
ships are sent to the bottom. The places of those that go down must be supplied 
at once. To the miner let me say that he stands where the farmer does; the work 
of the world waits on him. If he slackens or fails, armies and statesmen are 
helpless. He also is enlisted in the great service array. The manufacturer does not 
need to be told, I hope, that the nation looks to him to speed and perfect every 
process; and I want only to remind his employees that their service is absolutely 
indispensable and is counted on by every man who loves the country and its liberties. 

Let me suggest, also, that everyone who creates or cultivates a garden helps, 
and helps greatly, to solve the problem of the feeding of the nations ; and that every 
housewife who practices strict economy puts herself in the ranks of those who serve tbe 
nation. This is the time for America to correct her unpardonable fault of wasteful- 
ness and extravagance. Let every man and every woman assume the duty of careful, 
provident use and expenditure as a public duty, as a dictate of patriotism which no 
one can now expect ever to be excused or forgiven for ignoring. 

In the hope that this statement of the needs of the nation and of the world 
in this hour of supreme crisis may stimulate those to whom it comes and remind all 
who need reminder of the solemn duties of a time such as the world has never seen 
before, I beg that all editors and publishers everywhere v^all give as prominent publi- 
cation and as wide circulation as possible to this appeal. I venture to suggest, also, 
to all advertising agencies that they would perhaps render a very substantial and 
timely service to the country if they would give it widespread repetition. And I hope 
that clergymen will not think the theme of it an unworthy or inay)propriate subject 
of comment and homily from their pulpits. 

The supreme test of the nation has come. We must all speak, act, and serve 
together ! 

WooDROW Wilson. 



16 



WHAT SENDING THE AR:\IY INVOLVES 




. • • fe 




I'liuto Ijy I'.rowu Bros. 

U. S. TRANSI'OHT LOADED WITH AMKItlCAN TROOPS OFF FOR THE WAR. 

IF you bring an army to France or Belgium, you realize, I suppose, that you 
will have to bring with it half the mechanics of, let us say, a town like Bridge- 
port, to carry out the necessary construction repairs. You will have to 
take over whole French towns for their residence, or build miles of huts 
for them. The army behind the army in modern war is an army in itself. 

The equipment, dispatch and constant reinforcement of an expeditionary 
force such as yours, whose nearest home base must be some three thousand miles 
away, is some undertaking; but we had a harder task in the case of the Boer War, 
nearly twenty years ago, when our home l)ase was some seven thousand miles 
away. We then learned a good deal about transport by sea and land. 

The fine American lad who will swing down your New York streets on his 
way to the transport will probably cost you, apart from his pay, at least fifty 
dollars a week. Ours, who are operating near home, cost us from thirty to thirty- 
five dollars. 

But the boy with his rifle and his uniform and his enthusiasm is only the 
beginning of him ; the rest of him is some tons of stuff that has to do with him. 
T will enumerate some of the tonnage he requires. 

Let us talk first about his food : I imagine the American soldier, like the 
British and the Canadian, will not be content to exist upon the soup, bread, 
cheese, meat and red wine of the Frenchman. I think he will probably not prove 
to be such a good cook as the Frenchman. I think he will want, in addition 
to almost unlimited beef, pork, bread and biscuit. All these things will have 
to be brought from home, for we in Europe have only just enough for ourselves. 
If you bring mules and horses you will need to bring hay also, for we have got 
none for you; and the amount of hay j^our boy's horse will consume will surprise 
you. 



WHAT MUST GO WITH EVERY SOLDIER 




WE NEED SHIPS. WE NEED TEN SHIPS LIKE THIS FOR EVERY ONE CARRYING SOLDIERS 
TO P'RANCE TO SUPPLY THEM WITH FOOD AND THE THINGS TO FIGHT WITH. 

The American Boy's Baggage, 

In addition to your boy's food and that of his horse, there is his spare 
clothing, which I dare say we can provide, though we can do nothing in the 
way of spare harness. Think of the tonnage involved in his machine gun, his 
spare rifle, his revolvers and their ammunition, his steel helmet and other pro- 
tective armor. Think of his boots. In one exceptional section of the Italian 
army, with which I sojourned, the boot ration was twelve pairs per annum ! 
Your boy will have to bring with him all the latest kinds of American boot- 
making and boot-repairing machinery. You will require a boot plant for making 
and remaking boots and for the utilization of the waste material, at least as big 
as the Pennsylvania Eailroad depot. Think about his spades for digging and 
his pickaxes; the tons of barbed wire and of corrugated iron for the roof of 
his hut; the oil stoves and electric stoves. What, too, about his washing? Is 
that to be done in France, or sent back home? Our army is equipped with the 
very latest steam laundries on scales that daze one. The amount of washing 
required for a hospital of one thousand beds is a surprise to the civilian. In 
one of our series of hospitals we have thirty thousand beds. 

So when you look at your gallant American boy starting for war, think of 
some of the things he will have to bring along. I could continue the list, but 
it would weary you. If you come into the war thousands of American women 
will be busy making aerial observation balloons, which have proved very useful; 
thousands of American mechanics will be making moving kitchens on wheels ; 
every tent-maker in the United States will be busy. 

Your American boy will need to bring his own locomotives and track not 
only for narrow-gauge railroads, but for just such trains as those in which I 
traveled many thousands of miles in your country. The more often I go to see 
this modern war work, the more I realize its immensity and complexity. 

To interpose thus in the middle of the existing armies of France, that 
American boy must be accompanied by many skilled interpreters, who must not 
only speak French, but think French. At the beginning of the war our tiny 
army was unprovided with enough officers de liaison, as these interpreters are 
called, and endless confusion and trouble arose. 

— Reprinted from Lord NorthcUffe's article in the Saturday Evening Post. 



18 



IF YOU JOIN THE NAVY 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

U. S. MAN-OF-WAR "ARIZONA' 



IN THE EAST RIVER. NEW YORK. 



IF YOU JOIN THE NAVY 



TTIE life of a sailor — and particularly the life of a man-of-war's man — - 
with its adventures, ever-changing scenes, new countries, new jieople; 
following the sea from port to port, from one ocean to another — has always 
appealed strongly to the imagination of men of spirit. In the record of the 
deeds of the men of the United States Navy, from John Paul Jones to Admiral 
Dewey, the young American can find the highest inspiration ; for our Navy, both in 
time of war and of peace, has played a great, honorable and often glorious ptrt in the 
history of the country. The Navy has been, throughout its entire existence, a 
Service of high ideals ; and its unbroken record of great and worthy achievement, 
of dutv well done, has been due to the high standard set for officers and men in the 



19 



OUE NAVY NEVER BEATEN 



beginning and maintained ever since. This standard was never higher than it is 
today; and any young American who thinks of going into the Navy may feel sure 
that, on enlisting, he will enter a service in which he may, and should, always feel 
a justifiable pride and of which the uniform is a badge of honor. 

But, in addition to a chance of serving the country in an honorable position, 
a place in the Navy offers, as a livelihood, many advantages — such as steady employ- 
mient; good, practical training; gradual promotion; provision for old age; a 
healthful life; an opportunity for travel and education. The pay is graded 
according to a man's skill and length of service and compares favorably with that 
of highly-paid labor in civil life. Indeed, when it is remembered that a blae- 
jacket's pay is nearly clear of all living expenses, it is doubtful that, in ordinary 
times, there is any class of workmen paid better than the enlisted men of the Navy. 

Any young man who wishes to enlist must, of course, come up to the require- 
ments of the Navy — in character, in physique, in education and in ability. 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

UNCLE SAM'S NEW $19,000,000 35-KNOT BATTLE CRUISER NOW BUILDING, OP WHICH 
FOUR ARE TO BE FINISHED IN THREE YEARS. THEY WILL BE 850 FEET LONG, 91 FEET 
BEAM, 34,800 TONS DISPLACEMENT. THEY WILL CARRY TEN 14-INCH GUNS, EIGHTEEN 
5-INCH GUNS, EIGHT TORPEDO TUBES, FOUR 3-INCH ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS, AND MACHIN- 
ERY FOR OPERATING NAVAL AEROPLANES. 

Steady Work. 

A man-of-war's man is always sure of his job as long as he renders faithful 
service and is qualified to perform his duties. He will never lose his job because 
of strikes or hard times. If he is sick or injured, he is well cared for in a modern 
naval hospital. His pay goes on whether he be sick or well. He has no doctor 
bills for himself. Upon completing an enlistment, if his record has been meritori- 
ous, he receives, as a testimonial of fidelity and obedience, an honorahle discharge; 
this entitles him to reenlist at any time within four months, if he is physically 
qualified, and to get four months' pay as a bonus for reenlisting. If he is 
disqualified for reenlistment, by reason of disability incurred in line of duty, he 
is entitled to a pension. 

Navy Food. 

The food of the Navy is excellent. Great care is taken to make sure as to 
both the quality and the quantity of the sailor's food. The purchasing, pre- 
paring, cooking and serving are done under the inspection of commissary officers, 
who are required to see that the food is appetizing and nourishing. The character 
of the diet is changed with the seasons of the year and the climatic conditions 
of the locality in which the ship cruises ; but, whenever possible, the sailors are 



20 



ADVANTAGES IN THE NAVAL SERVICE 




I'hoto by Brown Bros. 

THE PICTIRE snows HOW A TORPEDO IS LAUNCHED FROM A MAN-OF-WAR. THE 
ACCURACY WITH WHICH THE OPERATOR CAN DISCHAR<;E THESE DEADLY WEAPONS 
IS THE MARVEL OF THE PRESENT WAR. THERE IS SO.METHIN(; ALMOST HUMAN IN 
THE WAY THE TORPEDO CARRIES OUT ITS INHI MAN WORK. 

supplied with fresh provisions. It is believed that the U. S. Navy ration is better 
than that of an}- other military service in the world. 

This subsistence is furnished to enlisted men free. Tliey have no board bill 
to pay when on duty. 

Variety of Scene. 

Vessels of the United States Navy are employed in all parts of the world, 
and the opportunities afforded young men for travel are very good. While no 
promise can be made a recruit that he will be given any particular cruise, the 
duties of the Navy call for frequent foreign cruises; and it is safe to say that 
during the course of an enlistment a man will have a chance to visit many 
out-of-the-way places which he could not possibly visit otherwise without great 
expense. During the winter months, the Atlantic Fleet assembles in West Indian 
waters, where drills and maneuvers are held. Men from the battleships go 
ashore at Guantanamo, Cuba, for target practice on the largest rifle range in 
the world. Here other drills are also held, such as artillery practice, shore- 
signalling, etc. While the fleet is at anchor in Guantanamo Bay, baseball games 
are played daily, boat races are pulled off in the waters of the bay, minstrel shows 
are staged and athletic events of all kinds are of frequent occurrence. The ships 
of the fleet are provided with the latest moving-picture machine and films, 
and every battleship has its own band. 



21 



WHAT YOT^ RECEIVE FOR FIGHTING IN THE U. S. NAVY 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

ONE OF THE FAST MEMBERS OF THE "MOSQUITO FLEET." DEPENDED UPON TO CATCH 

AND DESTROY SUBMARINES. 



With the approach of spring the fleet returns nortli to home ports and liberal 
shore leave is granted whenever practieal)le. During the summer, the fleet 
maneuvers of? the Atlantic Coast of the United States, where war-games are played 
and target practice is held. 

The men of the Pacific and Asiatic Fleets are similarly employed, and also 
are given opportunities for recreation like those given men of the Atlantic Fleet. 

Pay and Advancement. 

When a man enlists in the Navy, his name is immediately placed upon the 
pay-roll; but if he enlists as an apprentice-seaman, he does not draw all his pay 
for any month during the training period. However, the pay that is withlield 
is given him at the time he completes his course of instruction. Thereafter he 
draws all the pay due him each month. Pav-days in the Navv occur twice a month 
—on the 5th and 20th. 

Clothing Outfit. 

Every recruit is provided free with an outfit of uniform clotliing, bedding 
and other necessaries, amounting to $60.00. This outfit . includes, among other 
things, woolen l)lankets, jack-knife, handkerchief, tooth-brushes, hair-l)rushes, scrub- 
brushes, shoe-polish, mattress and mattress-covers, neckerchief, high and low shoes, 
spool of cotton, silk and linen thread : all articles of uniform for summer and winter, 
including overcoat, sweater, gloves, bathing trunks and gymnasium shoes. 



A BIG OPPORTUNITY FOR ADVANCEMENT 



Travel Expenses. 

"When a man enlists, he is furnished by the Government with transportation 
to the training station or to the receiving ship to which he is assigned ; and if there 
is a night ride, he is given a berth in the sleeper or a stateroom, if sent by steamer. 
While on the way, meals are furnished by the Government — as are car fare, trans- 
fers across the city, etc. When a man is discharged at the expiration of his enlist- 
ment, he is furnished with a "travel allowance," at four cents a mile, instead of 
transportation, from the place of discharge (if in the United States) to the place 
of enlistment within the United States. If he is discharged before his enlistment 
expires, by reason of physical disability, he is furnished with transportation and 
subsistence to his home, if in the United States. Men travelling under orders 
are always furnished with transportation and expenses. It is only when a man 
is travelling at his own convenience, or on leave, that he is required to pay his 
own expenses. 

Rates of Pay. 

There are many different rates of pay in the Xavy; and a man enlisting in 
one of the lower ratings is advanced one step at a time, with a corresponding 
raise in pay, as he becomes proficient and his conduct warrants — both of which 
requirements are essential to a man's advancement in the Navy; and no matter 
how capable he may be in his duties, he cannot expect to be advanced unless his 
conduct entitles him to consideration. 

The pay of an apprentice seaman is $17.60 a month. The first raise in pay. 
in the seaman branch, is to $20.00 ; and in the fireroom, to $34.20. These increases 
are usually made at the time the recruits qualify at the training station and before 
they are sent to sea, although apprentice seamen are sometimes sent to a sea-going 
vessel to complete their training. Subsequent advancement is obtained after the 
man has been assigned to general service and depends to some extent upon existing 
vacancies. In the seaman branch, the next rating obtainable on board ship is that 
of seaman, $26.40. A seaman is eligible for advancement to 3d class petty officer 
(coxswain, gunner's mate 3d class, quartermaster 3d class") at $33 per month. 
Petty officers 2d class of the seaman branch are paid $38.50 a month. Petty 
officers 1st class are paid $44, except turret captains, 1st class, who receive $55. 
Chief petty officers of the seaman branch are paid from $55 to $66 for acting 
appointment, and $77 for a permanent appointment, which is issued only after 
a year's service as chief petty officer and after examination before a board of 
officers. 

In the artificer branch, the pay of sea-going ratings ranges from $24.20 
to $77 for a chief petty officer with a permanent appointment. 

In the special branch, which includes yeomen, musicians and the hospital 
corps, the pay ranges from $17.60 and $20.90 for recruits, to $77 for chief petty 
officers with permanent appointment. 

The commissary branch is composed of ship's cooks, bakers, and commissary 
stewards, with pay ranging from $17.60 for the recruit (landsman for cook or 
baker) to $77 for chief commissary steward. 

Commencing June first, nineteen hundred and seventeen, and continuing until 
not later than six months after the termination of the present war, all enlisted 
men of the Navy of the United States in active service whose base pay does not 
exceed $21 per month shall receive an increase of $15 per month; those whose 
base pay is over $21 and does not exceed $24 per month, an increase of $12 per 
month ; those whose base pay is over $24 and less than $45 per month, an increase 
of $8 per month ; and those whose bas^ pay is $45 or more per month, an increase 
of $6 per month. 

ii 



THE SOLDIERS OF THE SEA 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

U. S. MARINES LEAVING SHIP TO MAKE A LANDING ON HOSTILE SOIL. 



IF YOU JOIN THE MARINES 



THE Marines have landed and have the situation well in hand." One 
frequently reads such a statement in a newspaper dispatch from some 
distant land. Yet there are many who do not know what is meant 
by "Marines." Marines are not in the Army, though they perform 
military duty. They belong to the naval service and perform the soldier duty 
in the Navy. For this reason they are sometimes called "sea-soldiers." 

These "sea-soldiers" are known as Marines because they are members of the 
Marine Corps, an organization of 30,000 trained men, whose special duty it is to 
protect the interests of the United States in any part of the world. They serve 
both on land and sea, at home and abroad. 

A detachment of Marines is kept on each large vessel of the Navy, prepared 
to go ashore at a moment's notice if their services are needed. And they have 
a splendid record of always being ready for any sort of emergency and able to 
handle any situation short of a big war, when of course the entire Army and 
Navy are required. Some protect the Naval Stations in our foreign possessions, 
and others are organized into regiments and battalions and are held in readiness 
for expeditions abroad when needed. 



THEY ARE THE FIRST TO GO 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

U. S. MARINES DRILLING ON SHIP BOARD. THEY ARE ALWAYS THE FIRST TO 

GET INTO ACTION. 



The United States Marine Corps. 

The United States Marine Corps was first called into existence by an Act 
of the Continental Congress of November 10, 1775, and gallantly served through- 
out the Revolutionary War. It was disbanded at the close of the war, April 11, 
1782, but was reorganized and permanently established July 11, 1798. From 
that day to this its officers and men have been zealous participants in every 
expedition and action in which the Navy has taken part. 

The Marines are the first men on the ground in case of trouble with a foreign 
power, and the first men into battle in case of hostilities. They have at all times 
served their country faithfully, both in peace and war, and have reflected great credit 
upon themselves as a corps and on the nation which they represent. Ever have they 
lived up to the letter as well as the spirit of the motto of the Corps, ''Semper Fldelis." 

Service Ashore. 

The Marines serve both at sea and on land. They are trained, clothed and 
equipped very much as are soldiers of the land forces. In their preliminary 
instruction on shore, at navy yards and naval stations, they are instn-'cted and 



25 



THEY GET ACTION, AND PLENTY OF IT 



drilled in the duties of infantry soldiers, field artillerymen and machine gun 
companies. In preparation for their duties as landing parties from ships of the 
Navy, for expeditionary duty and as defenders of naval advance bases, they are 
further trained in aviation, in the use of portable searchlights, the wireless tele- 
graph, the heliograph, and the various other methods of signaling; range finding, 
the erection, operation and maintenance of telegraph and telephone lines, the 
planting of land and submarine mines, the handling of torpedoes, the erection 
and demolition of bridges, the building of roads, knotting and splicing of ropes, 
handling boats under oars and sails, the handling of heavy weights, the fitting of 
gun gear, and the various methods of slinging and transporting ordnance, and 
the mounting in suitable shore positions of guns of three-, five-, and six-inch calibre. 




i'lioto by I'.rown Bros. 



U. S. 



MARINES LANDING AN ARMORED MOTOR CAR FROM MAN-OF-WAR. THE U. S. 
MARINES WERE THE FIRST TO USE ARMORED MOTOR CARS IN ACTION. 



Service at Sea. 

In their service on battleships and cruisers, the Marines form a part of the 
ship's complement for battle, manning the six-inch, five-inch, three-inch, and six- 
pounder guns of the intermediate and secondary batteries, and anti-aircraft guns. 
They are trained and fully equipped for instant service as landing parties for duty 
on shore. 

Great mobility and facilities for quick action are required of the Marines. 
They must be kept in readiness to move at a moment's notice, and be prepared 
for service in any climate. They have seen service in Egypt, Algiers. Tripoli, 
Mexico, China, Japan, Korea, Cuba, Porto Pico, Panama, Nicaragua. Santo Domingo, 
Formosa, Sumatra, Hawaii, Samoa, Guam, Alaska, the Philippine I'^lands. and Haiti. 



26 



WELL PAID FOR THEIR SERVICES 



Pay and Allowances. 

The regular pay o£ Marines varies from $15 to $69 per nionth, aeiording 
to rank and length of service. A man starts in as a private at $15 per month 
and climbs \\p in accordance with his own merits and indvidual efforts. 
Members of the Marine Corps on active war service during the present war will 
receive an increase of pay of from $6 to $15 per month, based upon their pay at 
home stations. A man is given a "Good Conduct Medal" for each enlistment he 
serves honestly and faithfully, and for each good conduct medal that he holds he 
receives eighty-three cents a month in addition to his regular pay. Should he qualify 
witli the service rifle his pay will be increased $2 per month for "Marksman," $3 per 
nicnth for "Sharpshooter." or $5 per month for "Expert Eifleman," accord- 
ing to which of these qualifications he attains. Likewise, if he qualifies with the 
great guns aboard ship his pay is increased from $2 to $10 per month, according 
to his (jualification and the class of gun at which he is stationed. While serving 
aboard ship, or on shore outside of the United States (except in Hawaii and 
l*orto Rico), his pay is inci eased twenty per cent. A comparatively small per- 
centage of the men in the service draw the minimum pay. 

As everything that a man needs is furnished him by the Government it 
will be seen that his pay is practically clear money, and there is no necessity for 
him to spend anything, except a very small amount occasionally for laundry, soap, 
towels, etc., should he care to be economical and save his money. Furthermore, 
he may deposit his savings with the Government; upon which an interest of 
4 per cent will be paid to the man at the expiration of his enlistment. 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

r. S. M.VRIXES MOUNTING A 5-INCH GUN AFTER MAKING A LANDING. 



THE PKIDE OF THE U. S. A. 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

THE PRIDE OF THE U. 8. A. WEST POINT CADETS ON DRESS PARADE. GRADUATES 
OF THE INCOMPARABLE SCHOOL FOR TRAINING ARMY OFFICERS. 



IF YOU JOIN THE ARMY 



THE U. S. Army is the unbeaten army of the world. It has an 
■unspoiled record of victories. The United" States has never engaged in 
a war in which it has not come out victorious. This is because the 
American is a good fighter. He never fights unless he knows he is in 
the right and only when ready. 

The Army is divided into the following branches: Cavalry, Field Artillery, 
Coast Artillery, Infantry and Engineers. There is also a Signal Corps, Hos- 
pital Corps, Quartermaster Corps and Ordnance Department, for which men 
of special qualifications are required. Each has its particular function, and an appli- 
cant, if he fulfills the requirements, may have his choice of any arm of the line 
and also in the other corps mentioned if he possesses the necessary qualifications and 
vacancies exist. 

The Army of the United States is the best fed, best paid and best kept 
army in the world. The soldier's opportunity for advancement, self-improvement 
mentally and physically, pleasure, or the accumulation of savings, is of the best. 
The men who constitute the Army are a self-respecting, well behaved and con- 
tented body of men, worthy of the respect and esteem of all law-abiding citizens. 



KNOWLEDGE OF HORSES VALUABLE HERE 




J'liotu by Kruwu Bl'os. 

U. S. CAVALRYMAN WITH UIS FIELD EQUIPMENT. 

Cavalry. 

Men who have a liking for horses will probably find in the cavalry an agreeable 
service. In this l)ranc]i of the service a soldier, upon joining his organization, has 
a horse assigned to him, of which he must at all times take the best of care. 
He is taught thoroughly how to ride and how to care for and train horses. His 
work is mostly mounted. After serving an enlistment in the cavalry the man 
usually emerges an expert rider and all-round horseman. The mounted service 
hoU1s the special attraction of a certain dash and daring which many men prefer. 




I'hoto bv Brown Bros. 



U. S. FIELD ARTILLERY IN ACTION. 



Field Artillery. 

The field artillery offers practically the same as the cavalry, the difference 
being that the field artillery uses field guns, wliich are of different classes, light, 
mountain and heavy. The heavy field artillery also includes howitzers. In the 
horse artillery, which accompanies the cavalry, the cannoneers are all mounted 
on horses. 



29 



THE MEN WHO GET RESULTS 




Photo by Brown Bros. 



INFANTRY GOING INTO ACTION. 



Infantry. 

Men unaccustomed to horses, or who are not fond of riding, will probably 
be best suited to the infantry or the coast artillery. The infantry is the largest 
branch of service in the Army. It is composed of foot soldiers, but these men 
are of the greatest importance to an army. Unlike the cavalrymen or field 
artillerymen, they have no hors-'es to care for. This branch of the service offers 
splendid advantages for military training and promotion. 




Photo by Brown Bros 



INFANTRY IN ACTION. 



30 



THESE BOYS KEEP THE ENEMY OUT 




MANSHIP IS ALMOST UNCANNY. 



Coast Artillery. 

From the nature of tlie service, coast artillery garrisons are located near 
the larse seacoast citie« of the country, and their purpose is to protect the seacoast 
and harbors of the United States and foreign possessions Ihe duties are not 
ex ctin' so ?hat the soldier has abundant time at his disposal to visit places 
Tear his' station; and the work is interesting, even for those who do not care 

'° ^^'lo'^:: nSiJ^ical turn of mmd will perhaps fiiid the cond^ions 
in theloast artiUerv most agreeable. The coa«t artillery corps offers specia advan- 
tage to men who have had training and experience m the care of electrical 
machiierv engines and boilers; to those who are qualified m mechanical drafting, 
a woi ; and photography, and to intelligent and ambitious young men who 
e're to ..lalifv in anv of these lines. This corps, too, offers the advantage 
of manv comparativelv ^high salaried grades open to its members-particu aily 
To tiiose who have successfully passed through the training school provided by 
the War Department. 



31 



J 



THE MEN WHO PERFORM WONDERFUL FEATS 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

BUILDING A PONTOON BRIDGE. THE PICTURE SHOWS ONE OF THE RESULTS 
OF HAVING AN EFFICIENT ENGINEER CORPS WITH THE ARMY AT THE FRONT. THESE 
ARE THE FELLOWS WHO MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR THE ARMY TO MOVE FORWARD AND 
OCCUPY NEW POSITIONS. 

Engineer Corps. 

This constitutes a force of somewhat highly developed specialists, whose duties are 
rather more varied than those of members of the other branches of the service. They 
are relieved from many of the ordinarv^ routines of garrison life to enable them 
to engage in the special drills and exercises of their corps. These exercises are of 
a character that should appeal to men interested in various kinds of construction 
work and outdoor life, preparing the men as they do for the duties of engineers. 
They comprise surveying for military purposes and map making, and include the 
laying out of camps, construction and repair of fortifications, the installation of 
electrical power plants and electric power cables connected with seacoast batteries, 
and the construction and repair of military roads, railroads and bridges. The 
members of the corps are usually stationed at large and important posts or in 
the vicinity of the larger cities. 

Signal Corps. 

This is another important special body of men, a large part of whose duties 
are of a technical and professional character, requiring skill as mechanics, elec- 
tricians, wiremen, cable men and telegraph, telephone and wireless operators, pho- 
tographers, chauffeurs, and aeronautical experts. A part of the function of the 
Signal Corps is the installation and operation of wireless stations, telephone 
systems, and telegraph and cable lines and offices, at all points where parts of the 
army are serving, and for the service of cable ships. Another part, and a very 
important part, of the Signal Corps is the aviation section, which is charged 
with the duty of operating or supervising the operation of all military air craft. 
The Secretary of War is authorized by law to cause as many enUsted men of the 
aviation section to be instructed in the art of flying as he may deem necessary. 
Each aviation enlisted man while on duty that requires him to participate regularly 
and frequently in aerial flights, or while holding the rating of aviation mechanician 
which may be secured by passing successfully the required examination, receives 
an increase of fifty per centum of his pay. 



32 



SKY PILOTS WHO HAVE CHANGED WAR METHODS 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

SHELLS FROM ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUN BURSTING ABOUT A BRITISH MONOPLANE, 
LEAVING LINGERING SMOKE BY WHICH THE GUNNERS CAN REGULATE THEIR AIM. 
THIS PICTURE SHOWS THE WORK OF A DARING SCOUT AT THE AISNE SIEGE BATTLE. 



IF YOU JOIN THE AVIATION CORPS 



THE applicant must show that he possesses a college education or its equiva- 
lent in experience of a military, technical, executive, or other nature. 
The applicant must possess letters of recommendation from three reput- 
able persons. In case of previous military service, the applicant must 
submit statements of satisfactory service. The physical examination is the same 



33 



ONE OF THE GREATEST OPPORTUNITIES IN AVIATION 



as that required for applicants for aviation service in the regular army. It is 
a thorough examination, lasting about two and a half hours. Special stress is laid 
on good hearing and eye-sight. As to the flying requirements the catechism says: 

"The applicant must pass, before being commissioned, the Eeserve Military 
Aviators flying test. I^nless he can pass this flying test he will not be given 
a commission. He will be assisted by the United States in obtaining the training 
necessary to fit him for a commission, provided he meets the other requirements. 

"The course of training will ordinarily take at least three months, and the 
applicant will be required to undergo both military and aviation training. This 
training will take place at schools maintained under the supervision of the War 
Department. One of them is now established at Mineola, L. I. ; another at 
Memphis, Tenn., and others will be opened as opportunity permits. Civilian 
schools may also be designated by the War Department. At present there are 
two of these, the Curtiss Aviation School at Newport News, Va., and the school 
at Miami, Fla." 

All expenses, it is stated, will be paid by the Government if the applicant is 
enlisted in the Aviation Section of the Signal Enlisted Reserve Corps. It is 
not necessary to enlist, however, to receive training as a flying officer. The 
prospective officer can receive instruction and pay his own way and living expenses. 
While training at his own expense, however, he will be required to attend regularly 
both aviation and military instruction classes. Here are questions and their 
answers in the catechism : 

"^^hat is the pay of the non-commissioned officer grades to which I might 
be assigned by enlistment?" 

"You will be enlisted as sergeant in the Enlisted Reserve Corps, the actual 
pay of which will be $-36 per month, which with allowances for food and cloth- 
ing, etc., will be brought to the equivalent of approximately $75 per month." 

"What rank will I have on completing the prescribed course? 

"On completing the prescribed course you will receive the rank of a First 
Lieutenant in the Aviation Section, Signal Officers' Reserve Corps, and placed 
on the inactive list. However, if, in the opinion of the Secretary of War, you 
have special qualifications, he may, with your consent, retain you on active duty 
as long as there are funds available for that purpose and for such a period as he 
may see fit. The pay allowances for this rank on active service are as follows: 
Base pay, $166.66 ; commutation of quarters (where no public quarters are 
available), $35 per month. In addition while on flying duty you will be granted 
a 25 per cent increase in pay." 

All applicants must start training as soon as they are assigned to a training 
school. If any applicant desires to withdraw during the course he must submit 
an application for discharge, giving the reasons. Applicants may apply for in- 
formation to the Chief Signal Officer of the Army at Washington, the President 
of the Aviation Examination Board at Mineola, L. I. ; the Aviation Officer, Central 
Department, Chicago; the Aviation Officer, Southern Department, at San Antonio, 
Texas, or the Commanding Officer, Signal Corps, Aviation School at San Diego. 
Cal. To obtain admission to the course of training applicant must obtain blanks, 
fill them out, and return them : present himself for medical examination at the 
time prescribed by the Medical Board, and appear before the board at the time 
prescribed for mental and moral examination. 

If accepted by the board the applicant will be recommended for enlistment 
with a view of obtaining necessary aviation training to qualify for a commission. 
When I'ecommended for enlistment the applicant will be ordered to report at an 
enlistment depot. 



34 



CHANCES FOR MOTORCYCLISTS AND AUTO DRIVERS 




Photo l>.v Brown Bros. 

THIS PICTURE SHOWS THE EQUIPMENT OF THE AMERICAN MOTORCYCLI^^T SOLDIER. 
SPLENDID FELLOW, AND DANfJEROTS TO MEET WITH HIS MACHINE GUN AND RIFLE. 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

THESE \RE SOME OF THE ARMORED CARS OF THE NEW YORK STATE NATONAL GUARD. 
^ AND WILL BE HEARD FROM IF THEY GO INTO ACTION. 



EVERY MAN, WOMAN AND CHILD CAN HELP HERE 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

THE AMERICAN HOSPITAL AT NEUILLY, FRANCE. SHOWING WHAT WONDERFUL WORK 
IS BEING nONE FOR THOSE WHO HAVE LOST LEGS AND ARMS. THESE MEN IN 
A FEW WEEKS WILL BE EQUIPPED WITH ARTIFICIAL LIMBS. THE PR.AISES OF 
THE HELP AMERICA HAS BEEN TO THE SOLDIERS OF FRANCE IS ON EVERYONE'S 
LIPS. YOU CAN HELP BY BECOMING A MEMBER OF THE RED CROSS. 



YOU CAN JOIN THE RED CROSS 

You can join one of the Red Cross units being organized for service with the army 
and for the purpose of training personnel therefor. 

You should address your application to chairman, first-aid committee, American 
Red Cross, Washington, D. C, or preferably to your own local chapter. 

To facilitate the enrollment and training of this Red Cross personnel, it is divided 
into three classes: 

Class A, those willing to serve wherever needed. 

Class B, those willing to serve in home country only. 

Class C, those willing to serve at place of residence only. 

In making your enrollment you should designate which of these three classes 
you wish to be enrolled in. 

CLASS A FOR ACTIVE SERVICE. 

Only persons belonging to Class A are to be enrolled in Red Cross organizations 
intended for service at military bases or along the line of communication. 

In Class B those will be enrolled who are intended for service in hospitals and 
other sanitary institutions that may be established in the home country. 

Class C will be composed of individuals who, on account of their occupations or 
inexperience in the care of sick and other hospital duties, are expected to render 
efficient service in military institutions at or near their homes. 



36 



/•" 



AAfERICANS RAVE ALKEADV DONE WONDERS 




I'lioto by Brown Bros. 

THE FAMOIS ••HIUI> CAGE" GIVEN BY THE PHlLADELPHrA AID SOCIETY TO THE 
AMKIUCAN AMBULANCE FIELD SERVICE. KINS BETWEEN THE HOSPITAL AND 
THE STKKL HOSPITAL THAIN (UVKN BY AMKUUANS. MOST PEUFECTLY EQUIPPED 
HOSI'ITAL TKALN EVKK ISED IN MILITAKV SEUVICE. DONOItS OF TKAIN, KOBKKT 
BACON AND ALKXANDEU COCHRAN. IN PU"riRE. LEFT TO RIGHT: A. PIATT 
ANDREWS. EX-ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY, HEAD OF AMERICAN 
FIELD SERVICE: F. T. DAVIDSON, OF YALE, AND MR. TAYLOR. OF NEW YORK CITY. 

Under authority of the act of Congress approved April 24, 1912, these Red Cross 
units are being organized to serve with the land forces and will constitute a part 
of the sanitary service of the land forces. 

When the Secretary of War calls for the services of these units he will specify 
the character of service required, the kind and number of units desired and will 
designate the place or places where the personnel and material will be assembled. 

TO BE UNDER MILITARY LAWS. 

When you are enlisted in one of these Red Cross units and report for duty with 
the land forces of the United States you will be subject to military laws and regu- 
lations and will be provided with the necessary brassard and certificate of identity. 

Except in cases of great emergency the Red Cross personnel serving with the 
land forces will not be assigned to duty at the front, but will be employed in hos- 
pitals in this country, at the base of operations, on hospital ships, and along the 
lines of communications of the military forces of the United States. 

Before military patients are received in a Red Cross hospital specific authority 
must be given by the Secretary of War and the director of the hospital must be a 
commissioned officer of the Medical Corps, or in special cases an officer of the 
medical section of the OflBcers' Reserve Corps. Under specific authority, however, 
military patients may be sent to Red Cross general hospitals not commanded by a 
commissioned medical oflicer. 

The Red Cross, now that war has been declared, is preparing to respond to a 
call by the War Department to assist in the sanitary service by furnishing organized 
units and such individual services as may be necessary, consisting of physicians, 
surgeons, dentists, chaplains, laboratory experts and their assistants, pharmacists, 
nurses, stenographers and clerks, hospital personnel and sick transport personnel. 



37 



THE KED CROSS IS EVERYONE'S OPPORTUNITY 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

AMERICAN AMBULANCES AND FIELD WORKERS IN FRANCE. THE PARTY IN ADVANCE 
WAS COMPLETELY WIPED OUT BY A BURSTING SHELL WITHIN A FEW MOMENTS 
AFTER THE PHOTOGRAPH WAS MADE. ONE OF THE PHOTOGRAPHERS W'AS ALSO 
KILLED. 



PAID BY FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 

Persons thus enrolled in the Red Cross in its units or individuals who are 
accepted for the sanitary service receive pay from the National Government, accord- 
ing to the nature of their service either on military rolls or as civilian employees. 

Red Cross volunteers give their services without pay. They are entitled when 
serving with Red Cross organizations to wear a distinctive badge approved by the 
Secretary of War and issued by the Red Cross. 

The Red Cross units now being organized for service with the army or for the 
purpose of training personnel therefor, are ambulance companies, base hospitals, hos- 
pital units, surgical sections, emergency nurse detachments, sanitary training detach- 
ments, information sections, refreshment units and detachments, supply depots, gen- 
eral hospitals and convalescent homes. 

A register is kept in the office of the surgeon general of the army, upon which 
the name and record of each member of these units is recorded. When specially 
authorized medical officers of the army detailed for duty with the Red Cross will act 
as representatives of the War Department for the purpose of inspecting these units. 

Members of organized units serving under the medical department will wear the 
uniform of the enlisted reserve corps or the uniform prescribed by the central com- 
mittee and approved by the War Department. The equipment will be similar to that 
used in the sanitary service. 



i:i:i) IlLOODKI) MEN AS WELL AS WOMEN WANTED 




Photo by Brown Bros. 

AMERICAN NTKSES IN FRANCE WHO IlELPEl. THE WOUNDED. WEARING MASKS FOR 
PROTECTION FROM THE DEADLY Fl MKS OF THE (JERMAN POISONOUS GASES. 



WHAT THE RED CROSS IS 



You are familiar with some of its acliievements — with the organized helpfulness, 
heroism and self-sacrifice of its men and women amid the horrors of war, devastating 
plagues and epidemics and in great calamities. Do you know that as an American 
you have a right to become a member of the Red Cross, that by the payment of small 
annual dues and a little unselfish service you can support your Government in its 
humanitarian work? Do you know that there is just as much place for a red-blooded 
man in the Red Cross as there is for a woman, but that when it is figured down but 
about one man in every 450 throughout the United States is a member? 

Your circumstances may not permit you to engage in field work, but you can help, 
your family and friends can help by becoming members of the Red Cross and by 
actively supporting your local chapter. 

Your help is needed now to support its field and base hospitals, its doctors and 
nurses. To provide the necessities of military and civilian relief calls for at least a 
million members. The United States can do what other nations have done. By help- 
ing your American Red Cross you are preparing to save lives and alleviate suffering 
consequent to the war. 



THE LEAST YOU CAN DO IS BECOME A MEMBER 



The "Red Cross" is the crusade of the twentieth century. It follows 
in the flaming wake of war and brings healing to the wounded and con- 
solation to the dying. It is the touch of a mother's hand and the voice 
of sister, wife and sweetheart to the homesick sufferers. It is Christ on 
the battlefield and love enthroned where bullets pierce and bombs spread 
death and hell. Little wonder that the men of America have pledged their 
loyalty to such a movement! After the war is over there will be one 
bright sign and symbol— THE RED CROSS ! 

DR. JAMES L. GORDON, Pastor, First Congregational Church, 
Washington, D. C. 



You can become a member of the Red Cross. This means every man, woman or 
child can belong to this humanitarian society, which is the only authorized agency 
for the distribution of relief that has an efficient organization perfected and has trained 
workers to take charge of every phase of relief activities. 

By, having a large supporting membership, the Red Cross will have sufficient 
funds to carry on its varied relief work. A little less than a year ago but 25,000 
Americans were enrolled under the Red Cross banner. Today more than 850,000 
Americans are wearing the little Red Cross button, but the Red Cross, with the great 
war ahead, needs at least 20,000,000 members out of the 100,000,000 population to be 
able to carry on the work laid upon it by act of Congress. 

The classes of membership are: Annual members, $1; subscribing member, $2 
annually; contributing member, $5 annually; sustaining member, $10 annually; life 
member, one payment, $25; patron, which carries life membership, one payment, $100. 

All except the Annual Members receive the Red Cross Magazine monthly. 



The changing tides of war must 
determine whither the work of 
relief will turn. Situations must 
be dealt with as they arise. 

Without your contribution 
they can not be dealt with at all ; 
the bitter pleas of a real and 
, actual need that come to you 
must go unanswered. 

HENRY P. DAVISON, 
Chairman, Red Cross War Council. 

Subscribe for suffering Hu- 
manity. 



Cut Out and Mail. 



APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP 
American Red Cross, 

Washington, D. C. 



1 enclose $ for a_ 

the American Red Cross. 



(state class) 



Subscribing Mem. $2. 
Contributing " 5. 

Sustaining " 10. 

Life " 25. 

Patron " 100. 



191 

membership in 



(write plainly) 



40 



PKESIDEXT WILSON OUTLINES HIS MANAGERIAL PLANS. 



ii 



The Nation Needs All Men" 



THE power against which we are arrayed has sought to impose its 
will upon the world by force. To this end it has increased arm- 
ament until it has changed the face of war. In the sense in 
which we have been wont to think of armies there are no armies 
in this struggle. There are entire nations armed. Thus, the men who 
remain to till the soil and man the factories are no less a part of the 
army that is in France than the men beneath the battle flags. It 
must be so with us. It is not an army that we must shape and train 
for war; it is a nation. To this end our people must draw close in one 
compact front against a common foe. But this cannot be if each man 
pursues a private purpose. All must pursue one purpose. The nation 
needs all men; but it needs each man, not in the field that will most 
pleasure him, but in the endeavor that will best serve the common good. 
Thus, though a sharpshooter pleases to operate a trip-hammer for the 
forging of great guns, and an expert machinist desires to march with the 
flag, the nation is being served only when the sharpshooter marches and 
the machinist remains at his levers. The whole nation must be a team 
in which each man shall play the part for which he is best fitted. To 
this end Congress has provided that the nation shall be organized for 
war by selection and that each man shall be classified for service in the 
place to which it shall best serve the general good to call him. 

The significance of this cannot be overstated. It is a new thing in 
our history and a landmark in our progress. It is a new manner of 
accepting and vitalizing our duty to give ourselves with thoughtful devo- 
tion to the common purpose of us all. It is in no sense a conscription 
of the unwilling; it is, rather, selection from a nation which has volun- 
teered in mass. It is no more a choosing of those who shall march 
with the colors than it is a selection of those who shall serve an equally 
necessary and devoted purpose in the industries that lie behind the battle 
line. 

— From President Wilson's Proclamation Setting June 5 as the Day for Registration. 



41 



WHAT THE PKESIDENT'S APPEAL MEANS TO YOU. 

"The whole nation must be a team in 
which each man shall play the part 
for which he is best fitted'^ 

So says the President in his proclamation of the 
call to register for war duty. This is a well 
chosen form of expression. Every American 
knows what a team is, and how important is team- 
work. And every American knows how necessary 
it is to assign members of a team to the parts they 
can play best. Some men are pitchers and some 
are catchers, and it would be folly to try to win 
games with the pitchers and catchers switched. 
Schalk would be batted all over the lot if he pitched 
and Grover Alexander caught, while Frank Baker 
would look like a rookie if he played right field, and 
Ty Cobb would be very near a joke at first base — 
perhaps. But in the positions they regularly occupy, 
positions assigned them after long training, these 
men do their work well, better than most others. 
And this is team work. The President's job just 
now as manager of the American war team is to see 
that the right men are put in the right places; that 
the sharpshooters, as he suggests, be not kept at work 
on the trip-hammers of the steel mills, while expert 
machine men are sent to the firing line. Registra- 
tion will disclose just where every man belongs, and 
it will then be for the manager to pick his war men 
and his farm men and his shop men and his factory 
men, and to keep them all working in unison. It 
is a good thing for a chief executive to be familiar 
with the terms of the people's sports, for he can 
speak to them in the language that they most quick- 
ly and clearly understand. 



42 



PK'K THE WORK YOU ARE WILLING TO UNDERTAKE. 

Take inventory of yourself, both mental and 
physical. Find that niche in which you fit, and 
then devote every atom of your brain and physique 
in answering the individual call which comes to 
YOU. 

This is what many men and women already 
are doing. 

Some of the men are already with their 
regiments; others, in co-operation, are giving their 
time and thought to the needs of the hour; others 
are sticking to the job at hand, doing double duty 
as they shoulder the work of those otherwise oc- 
cupied. It is not enough, however, for some of us 
to do our duty. Each of us must do something, 
all of us must pull together. 

if you are a manufacturer, or his employee, try 
to make two articles where you have made one. 

He who shrinks his job now, be it producing 
gum shoes or gun carriages, is as much a slacker as 
the man with every qualification and no dependents 
who refuses to enlist. 

Be efficient in what you are doing NOW. It 
will train you to FIND YOUR PLACE and to rec- 
ognize the call when it comes to go wherever it 
may send you. 

Remember that Uncle Sam has a job for every- 
one, and while the heroes of the war may wear 
uniforms, there is a force at home as vital to victory 
as those who control the triggers. 

43 



WHAT WAR REQUIRES OF EVERY AMERICAN CITIZEN, 



WHAT PATRIOTIC CITIZENS CAN DO 

^'A nation cannot be readjusted to war conditions within a perilously 
long period unless there is at the beginning a willing spirit on the part 
of all its citizenship." Here are some suggestions designed for the guidance 
of those who seek to be of patriotic service, which is just now the highest 
form of "social service." 

In practically every community active indication of willingness to 
serve as needed will be met by opportunity if the wish is made known. 
"If you cannot do at first the larger thing for which you are best fitted, 
do the smaller thing that is at hand." Some of the things that may be 
done in groups are : 

WHAT THE MEN CAN DO 



1. Enlist for military or naval serv- 
ice. 

2. Observe personal and honsehold 
eoononiy. 

3. Join the Home Defense League if 
there is one. 

4. Iiicrease farm and garden acreage 
of food crops. 

5. Relate yourself to some established 
organization if possible, thus avoiding 
waste effort and duplication. 

6. Maintain accustomed giving to 
established benevolence. 

7. Urge individuals in private con- 
versation to be patriotic. 

8. Help organize Eed Cross chapter 
if tliere is none in community. 

9. Cooperate in surveys under State 
auspices to discover available resources. 

10. Use influence to suppress cruelty 
and animosities against innocent aliens. 

11. Be willing to permit sons and 
daughters to enlist where services are 
most needed. 

12. Rural pastors can well urge 



farmers to plant all available space to 
food crops. 

13. Don't be slow to express your 
loyal sentiments. Everybody is either 
loyal or not loyal in a time like this. 

1-1. Don't get overexcited, but, on the 
other hand, don't be too anxious to sup- 
press your enthusiasm. It helps others. 

15. Volunteering in church work 
wbere regular workers have either gone 
to the war or are called to relief work. 

16. City pastors can urge vacant-lot 
gardening. Encourage the younger 
boys and girls to ^^:ork in your vegetable 
garden. 

17. Don't give up recreations, but 
keep them from interfering with your 
service— this is serious business in 
which we are involved. 

18. Keep your flag displayed from 
daylight till sunset — but don't let it 
become bedraggled. The flag is what 
you help to make it. 

19. If you volunteer, whether in the 
military arm or elsewhere, plan to do 
some religious work conducted along 

with the Army and Navy. 

— From the Chicago Continent. 



44 



II()\\ WOMEN AND CHILDREN CAN "DO TIIEIK BIT. 



WHAT THE WOMEN CAN DO 



1. Home nursing, particularly among 
the families of wage-earning parents, 
where tlie father has enlisted and where 
the mother must provide. 

2. If there are no organization'* 
formed or forming in your community 
write William Matlier Lewis, secretary, 
National Committee of Patriotic and 
Defense Societies, Southern Building, 
Washington, D. C. 

3. Caring for children of homes 
where the father is a soldier and the 
mother is compelled to go out to work. 
This would mean an individual child, 
or several children in a group under 
care of one or more women each day 
of the week. 

4. Help the Boy Scouts (and Cam])- 
tire Girls) in the work they may prop- 
erly do. The boys may be utilized in 
assisting surgical dressing committees, 



motor (oniMiittees, by acting as order- 
lies in motor ambulances or supply 
trucks, distributing notices to inhabi- 
tants, and other duties in connection 
\.ith billeting and carrying communi- 
cations on bicycles, motorcycles, horse- 
back, or on foot; assisting committees 
on foods, by collecting information as 
to supplies, preparing (piarters for this 
service, assisting in collecting, prepar- 
ing, and serving food and refreshments 
to sick and wounded soldiers; assisting 
first-aid committees in the preparation 
of (juarters, as aids in first-aid work, 
and as assistants at dispensaries; act- 
ing with information committees, as 
guides, orderlies, clerks, collectors of 
information, as to public or private hos- 
pitals available, buildings available in 
case of emergency, location of public 
telephones, listing of automobiles, 
trucks, etc. 



WHAT EVERYONE SHOULD HELP TO DO 



1. Teach chiklren to make bandages 
and surgical dressings. 

2. Cultivate vacant land in city or 
country. Increase your garden space. 

3. Don't waste — paper, linen, leather, 
metals, etc. 

4. Provide writing materials — pads, 
stamped envelopes, pencils — to be sent 
to the soldiers at their various stations. 

5. If you are near a training camp 
see that religious and social needs are 
being provided for. Almost invariably 
ihe best method is to offer your help 
to the Y. M. C. A. Your money may 
be more needed than your personal serv- 
ices. Invite the recruits to your 
churches. Cooperate in suppressing sa- 
loons and vice resorts near camps. 

6. Make it possible for good preachers 
to go as chaplains, to visit army camps, 
or to give series of talks to soldiers. 

7. Women's societies should follow 
suggestions of Red Cross and organize 
groups for training, making supplies, 
etc. 



^8. Keep a careful record ofyourmem- 
bers who enlist. Follow them with let- 
ters and encourage them in any way 
possible. Do not help them to mag- 
nify their discomforts, but applaud their 
endurance. 

9. Organize groups of women or 
young folks to collect magazines and 
books for use in the Y. M. C. A. work 
in the Army. Such papers could be 
^ent by the society taking up the mat- 
ter, and arrangements should be made 
for a regular service — not a sporadic 
one, as is so likely to be the case. 
In addition to these things — 

1. Pray for the President and his ad- 
visers. 

2. Stand firm for international right- 
eousness. 

3. Urge young men to enlist in the 
Army and Navy. 

4. Think kindly and hopefully of the 
nation's enemies. 

5. Pray for our country and the 
v/orld — for peace and righteousness to 
bless all mankind. 



45 



WHAT TREASON TO THE U. S. IS 



Proclamation by President Wilson. 

"Whereas all persons in tlie United States, citizens as well as aliens, should be 
informed of the penalties which they will incur for any failure to bear true allegiance 
to the United States ; 

"Now, therefore, I, Woodrow AA^'ilson, President of the United States, hereby 
issue this proclamation to call especial attention to the following provision of the 
Constitution and the laws of the United States : 

"Section 3 to iVrticle III of the Constitution provides, in part — 'Treason 
against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in 
adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort.' 

"The criminal code of the United States provides : 

"'Section 1. Whoever, owing allegiance to the United States, levies war 
against them or adheres to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort within the 
United States or elsewhere, is guilty of treason. 

Death Penalty is Provided. 

"'Section 2. Whoever is convicted of treason shall suffer death; or, at the 
discretion of the court, shall be imprisoned not less than iive years, and fined 
not less than $10,000, to be levied on and collected out of any or all of his property, 
real and personal, of which he was the owner at the time of committing such 
treason, any sale or conveyance to the contrary notwithstanding; and every person 
so convicted of treason shall, moreover, be incapable of holding any office under 
the United States. 

" 'Section 3. Whoever, owing allegiance to the United States and having 
knowledge of the commission of any treason against them, conceals and does not, 
as soon as may be, disclose and make known the same to the President or to some 
judge of the United States, or to the governor, or to some judge or justice of a 
particular State, is guilty of misprision of treason, and shall be imprisoned not 
more than seven years and fined not more than $1,000. 

" 'Section 6. If two or more persons in any State or territory, or in any place 
subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, conspire to overthrow, put down or 
to destroy by force the Government of the United States, or to levy war against 
them, or to oppose by force the authority thereof, or by force to prevent, hinder 
or delay the execution of any law of the United States, or by force to seize, take or 
possess any property of the United States contrary to the authority thereof, they 
shall each be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than six years, 
or both.' 

What Are Treasonable Acts. 

"The courts of the United States have stated the following acts to be 
treasonable : 

"The use or attempted use of any force or violence against the government 
of the United States or its military or naval forces ; 

"The acquisition, use or disposal of any property with knowledge that it is 
to be, or with intent that it shall be, of assistance to the enemy in their hostilities 
against the United States ; 

"The performance of any act or the publication of statements or information 
which will give or supply, in any way, aid and comfort to the enemies of the 
United States; 

"The direction, aiding, counseling or countenancing of any of the foregoing 
acts. 

"Such acts are held to be treasonable whether committed within the United 



46 



THE FATE OF THE SPY 



States or elsewhere; whether committed by a citizen of the L'nited States or by 
an alien domiciled, or residing, in the United States, inasmuch as resident aliens, 
as well as citizens, owe allegiance to the United States and its laws. 

''Any such citizen or alien who has knowledge of the commission of such 
acts, and conceals and does not make known the facts to the officials named in 
Section 3 of the penal code, is guilty of misprision of treason. 

'•And I hereby proclaim and warn all citizens of the United States, and all 
aliens owing allegiance to the government of the United States, to abstain from 
committing any and all acts which would constitute a violation of anv of the laws 
herein set forth; and I further proclaim and warn all persons who "may commit 
such acts that they will be vigorously ])rosecutod therefor. 

"In witness whereof I have hereunto set mv hand and caused the seal of 
the United States to be affixed 
"Done at the city of Washington this sixteenth day of April, in the year of our 

Lord one thousand nine hundred and seventeen, and of the independence 

of the United States of America the one hundred and forty-first. 



WooDROw Wilson. 



"By the President, 
"liOBKRT La\si\g. Secretary of State." 




Photo by Brown Bros. 



THE FATE OF A SPY. 



47 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



018 465 802 1 # 



